In this paper, an actuator fault diagnosis scheme based on the backstepping method is proposed for a class of nonlinear heat equations. The fault diagnosis scheme includes fault detection, fault estimation and time to failure (TTF) prediction. Firstly, we achieve fault detection by comparing the detection residual with a predetermined threshold, where the detection residual is defined as the difference between the observer output and the system measurement output. Then, we estimate the fault function through the fault parameter update law and calculate the TTF using only limited measurements. Finally, the numerical simulation is performed on a nonlinear heat equation to verify the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis scheme.
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